Our methodology

Built on evidence, not marketing.

Every score, range, and recommendation in ByoMap is grounded in peer-reviewed research. Here's exactly how we turn your data into actionable intelligence.

7 Validated Clinical Scores

Tier 1 — Peer-reviewed, formula-based

These aren't proprietary black boxes. Each score uses published formulas from clinical research that physicians already rely on. We calculate them automatically from your biomarker data.

HOMA-IR

Insulin resistance index

Formula

Fasting Insulin × Fasting Glucose ÷ 405

Thresholds

< 1.0 optimal, > 2.5 resistant

Source

Matthews DR et al., Diabetologia, 1985

TG/HDL Ratio

Atherogenic dyslipidemia marker

Formula

Triglycerides ÷ HDL Cholesterol

Thresholds

< 2.0 ideal, > 3.5 high risk

Source

NCEP ATP III Guidelines, 2001

ApoB/ApoA1

Cardiovascular risk predictor

Formula

Apolipoprotein B ÷ Apolipoprotein A1

Thresholds

< 0.7 optimal, > 0.9 elevated

Source

INTERHEART Study, Yusuf et al., Lancet, 2004

FIB-4 Index

Liver fibrosis staging

Formula

(Age × AST) ÷ (Platelets × √ALT)

Thresholds

< 1.30 low risk, > 2.67 advanced

Source

Sterling RK et al., Hepatology, 2006

Omega-3 Index

Cardiovascular & brain health

Formula

EPA + DHA as % of RBC membranes

Thresholds

> 8% optimal, < 4% high risk

Source

Harris WS, von Schacky C, Prev Med, 2004

Non-HDL Cholesterol

Total atherogenic lipid burden

Formula

Total Cholesterol − HDL Cholesterol

Thresholds

< 130 optimal, varies by risk

Source

ESC/EAS Dyslipidemia Guidelines, 2019

Homocysteine

Methylation & cardiovascular marker

Formula

Direct measurement (µmol/L)

Thresholds

< 10 optimal, > 15 elevated

Source

Refsum H et al., Annu Rev Medicine, 1998

Health Index

Tier 2 — Heuristic composite score

Your Health Index is a weighted composite of all four data modules. Unlike the clinical scores above, this is a heuristic — a useful signal, not a diagnosis. It uses severity-weighted percentile scoring, not flat penalties.

55%

Biomarkers

164+ blood markers weighted by clinical severity and deviation from optimal

20%

Gut Microbiome

Diversity, pathogen load, SCFA producers, and beneficial/harmful ratios

15%

DNA

Genetic risk factors and predispositions from validated associations

10%

Trends

Direction of change — improving markers boost your score, declining ones lower it

Biological Age

Biomarker-derived age estimation

Your biological age is estimated from 16 blood biomarkers that correlate with aging. Each marker contributes a weighted delta from age-adjusted optimal ranges.

We apply a 0.65× dampening factor to prevent extreme results, cap individual marker contributions at ±4 years, and total deviation at ±8 years. Markers with U-shaped optimal ranges (like SHBG) are scored for both high and low extremes.

This is not a clinical aging clock like Horvath's epigenetic clock — it's a biomarker-derived estimate. It's most useful as a relative tracker: are your markers trending younger or older over time?

Methodology

16 gender-specific biomarkers (e.g. HbA1c, hsCRP, GGT, eGFR, Testosterone)
Age-adjusted optimal ranges per marker
Weighted coefficients per marker (0.3–1.5)
U-shaped scoring for hormones (SHBG)
Individual cap: ±4 years per marker
Dampening: raw total × 0.65
Total cap: ±8 years from chronological age
Noisy markers excluded (e.g. Basophils)

Ethnicity-Specific Ranges

Why one-size-fits-all is dangerous

South Asians develop cardiovascular disease at lower lipid levels than Europeans. Standard lab ranges, built on Western population averages, can miss early risk in these populations. We apply tighter optimal ranges backed by population-specific studies.

Marker
Lab Normal
South Asian Optimal
Source
LDL Cholesterol
< 160 mg/dL
< 70 mg/dL
AHA/ACC 2018
ApoB
< 130 mg/dL
< 80 mg/dL
MASALA Study
Non-HDL Cholesterol
< 160 mg/dL
< 100 mg/dL
ESC 2019
Triglycerides
< 150 mg/dL
< 100 mg/dL
Raji JCEM 2001
HbA1c
< 5.7%
< 5.3%
ADA + MASALA
HOMA-IR
< 2.5
< 1.0
INTERHEART

Currently supported: South Asian, East Asian, African, European, Middle Eastern. Range resolver takes the tighter of demographic vs ethnicity-specific ranges. Sources audited against Tietz, NCEP ATP III, ADA 2024, KDIGO, ATA, ESC, WHO, ACG.

Range Audit

118
of 164 markers audited against clinical literature
101
ranges updated from standard lab defaults
9
reference guidelines used (Tietz, NCEP, ADA, KDIGO, ATA, ESC, WHO, ACG, Prati)

Key range improvements: LDL normalMax 130→160 (NCEP), toxic metals differentiated (lead optimal <3.5, normal <10), ALT/AST tightened per Prati 2002 criteria, homocysteine optimal <10 (Refsum 1998). Full audit automated via scripts/audit-ranges.ts --fix.

Transparency builds trust.

We show our work because your health decisions deserve a foundation, not a black box.

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