Understanding Gamma-Linolenic Acid (GLA): Normal vs Optimal Ranges

?What is Gamma-Linolenic Acid (GLA)?

Gamma-linolenic acid (GLA) is an omega-6 fatty acid formed from linoleic acid by the enzyme delta-6-desaturase. Unlike most omega-6 fatty acids, GLA has anti-inflammatory properties and is a precursor to dihomo-gamma-linolenic acid (DGLA), which produces anti-inflammatory series-1 prostaglandins. Sources include evening primrose oil, borage oil, and black currant seed oil.

!Why It Matters

GLA and its metabolite DGLA can reduce arachidonic acid-derived inflammation. GLA supplementation has evidence for reducing symptoms of rheumatoid arthritis, diabetic neuropathy, eczema, and premenstrual syndrome. Low GLA may occur when delta-6-desaturase activity is impaired by diabetes, ageing, or deficiency of cofactors (zinc, B6, magnesium).

Reference Ranges

Lab normal ranges may vary between laboratories. Optimal and longevity targets are based on research literature and should be interpreted with your physician.

Symptoms of Imbalance

• Low GLA: dry skin, eczema, PMS, joint inflammation

How to Improve Your Levels

• 1Evening primrose oil (GLA 8-10% content) supplements for eczema and PMS
• 2Borage oil (highest GLA content ~24%) available as supplement
• 3Ensure adequate zinc, vitamin B6, and magnesium as cofactors for GLA synthesis

When to Test

In inflammatory conditions, eczema, PMS; as part of comprehensive omega fatty acid profiling.

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